Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Phylum Mollusca > Class Gastropoda > Subclass Caenogastropoda > Order Littorinimorpha > Superfamily Littorinoidea > Family Littorinidae > Subfamily Littorininae > Genus Littorina

Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758)

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

*Littorina*	Férussac, 1822	accepted genus name
*Litorina*	Menke, 1828	synonym

Species group names

*Turbo littoreus*	Linnaeus, 1758	basionym
*Littorina litorea*	[sic]	orthographic variant
*Littorina armoricana*	Locard, 1886	synonym
*Littorina litorea*	[sic]	synonym
*Littorina litorea var. brevicula*	Jeffreys, 1865	synonym
*Littorina parva*	Teilman-Friis, 1898	synonym
*Littorina sphaeroidalis*	Locard, 1886	synonym
*Littorina vulgaris*	J. Sowerby, 1832	synonym
*Turbo littoreus*	Linnaeus, 1758	synonym
*Turbo ustulatus*	Lamarck, 1822	synonym

Vernaculars (+) (-)

Bokmål (Norwegian): storstrandsnegl sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Catalan: caragolí comú

Danish: stor sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Dutch: alikruik; gewone alikruik sources: Oosterbaan, A. (2003). Strandgids: veldgids voor het Noordzeestrand [Beach guide: field guide for the North Sea coast]. EcoMare, centrum voor wadden en Noordzee: Texel, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-75318-15-4. 65 pp.;Backeljau, T. (1986). Lijst van de recente mariene mollusken van België [List of the recent marine molluscs of Belgium]. Koninklijk Belgisch Instituut voor Natuurwetenschappen: Brussels, Belgium. 106 pp.

English: common periwinkle; periwinkle sources: North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS);Strandvondsten van Gravelines tot Nieuwpoort. Ecogids Tjiftjaf

English-United States: Common Periwinkle sources: Charles Hussey

Finnish: rantakotilo

French: bigorneau; caracole; littorine commun; littorine commune d'Europe; vignot sources: Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.;Leewis, R. (2002). Flora en fauna van de zee [Marine flora and fauna]. Veldgids, 16. KNNV Uitgeverij: Utrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5011-153-X. 320 pp.;Chabot, R. & Rossignol, A. 2003. Algues et faune du littoral du Saint-Laurent maritime: Guide d'identification. Institut des sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Rimouski; Pêches et Océans Canada (Institut Maurice-Lamontagne), Mont-Joli. 113 pages.

German: gemeine Strandschnecke; gemeine Uferschnecke sources: Lindner, G. (1999). Schelpengids: schelpen uit de wereldzeeën, vorm, voorkomen, systematiek [The shell guide: shells from the world oceans, shape, distribution and systematics]. Tirion: Baarn, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5210-409-3. 320 pp.

Italian: littorina comune

Norwegian: storstrandsnegl sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Norwegian Bokmål: storstrandsnegl sources: Systema Naturae ed. 10:

Norwegian Nynorsk: storstrandsnigel sources: Systema Naturae ed. 10:

Nynorsk (Norwegian): storstrandsnigel sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Portuguese: caramujo

Scottish: faocha

Spanish, Castillian: bigaro; bígaro sources: Davidson, A. (2001). North Atlantic fish cookbook [Noord-Atlantisch viskookboek]. Scepter: Bussum, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-72653-14-9. 556 pp.

Swedish: vanlig strandsnäcka

Literature

original description	Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. ii, 824 pp.
basis of record	Reid D.G. (1996). Systematics and evolution of Littorina. The Ray Society 463p.
additional source	Reid, D.G. (1989a) The comparative morphology, phylogeny and evolution of the gastropod family Littorinidae. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 324: 1-110.
additional source	Dyntaxa (2013) Swedish Taxonomic Database. Accessed at www.dyntaxa.se [15-01-2013].

Genbank

Taxonomy

CLEMAM
WoRMS

External Links

Barcode of Life (395 barcodes)
Biodiversity Heritage Library (649 publications)
USNM Invertebrate Zoology Mollusca Collection
Marine Life Information Network - UK
GenBank (1246 nucleotides; 1144 proteins)
GBIF

Citation

Reid, David G.; Gofas, S. (2014). Littorina littorea (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2014) European Register of Marine Species, accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:140262