Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Subkingdom Eumetazoa > Phylum Chordata > Subphylum Tunicata > Class Ascidiacea > Order Stolidobranchia > Family Styelidae > Genus Botrylloides

Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

*Botrylloides*	Milne Edwards, 1841	accepted genus name

Vernaculars (+) (-)

Dutch: gewone slingerzakpijp; slingerzakpijp sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

English: chain tunicate; colonial sea squirt; lined colonial tunicate; orange sheath tunicate; violet tunicate

French: botrylle violet sources: Dewarumez, J.-M.; Gévaert, F.; Massé, C.; Foveau, A.; Desroy, N.; Grulois, D. (2011). Les espèces marines animales et végétales introduites dans le bassin Artois-Picardie . UMR CNRS 8187 LOG/Agence de l'Eau Artois-Picardie: Douai. 138 pp.

Japanese: イタボヤ

Literature

original description	Oka, A. (1927). Zur kenntnis der japanishen Botryllidae (Vorlaufige Mitteilung). Proc. Imp. Acad. 3: 607-609.
basis of record	Faasse, M.; De Blauwe, H. (2002). De exotische samengestelde zakpijp Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927 in Nederland (Ascidiacea: Pleurogona: Styelidae) [The exotic colonial tunicate Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927 in the Netherlands (Ascidiacea: Pleurogona: Styelidae)]. Het Zeepaard. 62(5): 136-141.
additional source	Saito, Y.; Mukai, H.; Watanabe, H. (1981). Studies on Japanese styelid ascidians 2. A new species of the genus Botrylloides and redescription of B. violaceus Oka. Publ. Seto Mar. Biol. Lab. 26: 357-368.
additional source	Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., A. Marchini, G. Cantone, A. Castelli, C. Chimenz, M. Cormaci, C. Froglia, G. Furnari, M.C. Gambi, G. Giaccone, A. Giangrande, C. Gravil, F. Mastrototaro, C. Mazziotti, L. Orsi-Relini & S. Piraino. (2010). Alien species along the Italian coasts: an overview. Biological Invasions. 13(1): 215-237.
additional source	Izquierdo-Muñoz, A.; Díaz-Valdés, M.; Ramos-Esplá, A.A. (2009). Recent non-indigenous ascidians in the Mediterranean Sea. Aquatic Invasions. 4(1): 59-64.
additional source	Zenetos, A., S. Gofas, M. Verlaque, M. Cinar, J. Garcia Raso, C. Bianchi, C. Morri, E. Azzurro, M. Bilecenoglu, C. Froglia, I. Siokou, D. Violanti, A. Sfriso, G. San Martin, A. Giangrande, T. Katagan, E. Ballesteros, A. Ramos-Espla, F. Mastrototaro, O. Ocana, A. Zingone, M,. Gambi & N. Streftaris. (2010). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. Mediterranean Marine Science. 11(2): 381-493.
additional source	Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review. 43: 419-453.
additional source	Marchini, A., J. Ferrario, A. Sfriso & A. Occhipinti-Ambrogi. (2015). Current status and trends of biological invasions in the Lagoon of Venice, a hotspot of marine NIS introductions in the Mediterranean Sea. Biological Invasions. 17:2943–2962.
additional source	Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. China Science Press. 1267 pp.
additional source	Zenetos, A., E. Meric, M. Verlaque, P. Galli, C.F. Boudouresque, A. Giangrande, M. Cinar & M. Bilecenoglu. (2008). Additions to the annotated list of marine alien biota in the Mediterranean with special emphasis on Foraminifera and Parasites. Mediterranean Marine Science. 9(1): 119-165.
biology source	Tepolt, C. K. (2014). Adaptation in marine invasion: a genetic perspective. Biological Invasions. 17(3): 887-903.

Genbank

External Links

Marine Life Information Network - UK

Citation

Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2025). Ascidiacea World Database. Botrylloides violaceus Oka, 1927. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=148715