Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Phylum Chordata > Subphylum Vertebrata > Superclass Gnathostomata > Superclass Tetrapoda > Class Aves > Order Anseriformes > Family Anatidae > Genus Melanitta

Melanitta nigra (Linnaeus, 1758)

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Original genus

Anas Linnaeus, 1758

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

*Melanitta*	Boie, 1822	accepted genus name

Species group names

*Anas nigra*	Linnaeus, 1758	objective synonym

Vernaculars (+) (-)

Albanian: rosa e zezë; rosa kadife sources: Dhora, DH. 2008. Fjalor i emrave të kafshëve të Shqipërisë (Emri shkencor – Shqip – Anglisht) / Dictionary of animal names of Albania (Scientific names – Albanian – English). Camaj – Pipa. Shkodër, Albania. pp. 288.

Bokmål (Norwegian): svartand sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Danish: sortand sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Dutch: zwarte zee-eend sources: Cattrijsse, A.; Vincx, M. (2001). Biodiversity of the benthos and the avifauna of the Belgian coastal waters: summary of data collected between 1970 and 1998. Sustainable Management of the North Sea. Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs: Brussel, Belgium. 48 pp.

English: black scoter; common scoter sources: North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS);Jonsson, L. (1993). Vogels van Europa, Noord-Afrika en het Midden-Oosten [Birds of Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East]. Tirion: Baarn, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5210-187-6. 560 pp.

English-United States: Common Scoter sources: Charles Hussey

French: macreuse noire sources: Jonsson, L. (1993). Vogels van Europa, Noord-Afrika en het Midden-Oosten [Birds of Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East]. Tirion: Baarn, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5210-187-6. 560 pp.

Gaelic: scótar sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Galician: Scótar

German: Trauerente sources: Jonsson, L. (1993). Vogels van Europa, Noord-Afrika en het Midden-Oosten [Birds of Europe, northern Africa and the Middle East]. Tirion: Baarn, The Netherlands. ISBN 90-5210-187-6. 560 pp.

Greek: Ευρωπαϊκή Μαυρόπαπια sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Irish: Scótar sources: Nash, Roisin (FaEu - Ecological Consultancy Services Ltd (Ecoserve))

Italian: orchetto marino sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Lithuanian: juodoji antis sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Norwegian: svartand sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Norwegian Bokmål: svartand sources: Syst. Nat. ed. 10 p. 123

Norwegian Nynorsk: svartand sources: Syst. Nat. ed. 10 p. 123

Nynorsk (Norwegian): svartand sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Polish: markaczka sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Russian: синьга; черный турпан sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Scottish: scótar sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Slovenian: črna raca sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Spanish, Castillian: negrón común sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Swedish: sjöorre sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Turkish: kara ordek; kara ördek sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Ukrainian: Синьга sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Welsh: mor-hwyaden ddu

Literature

original description	Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. ii, 824 pp.
basis of record	van der Land, J. (2001). Tetrapoda, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 375-376
additional source	Banks, R.C., R.W. McDiarmid, and A.L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Resource Publication No. 166. 79 p.
additional source	Field Guide to Birds of North America 1983
additional source	Grand Manan Whale and Seabird Research Station.
additional source	Peterson, R.T. and V.M. Peterson. 2002. A field guide to the birds of eastern and central North America. Fifth Edition. Peterson Field Guide Series. Houghton Mifflin Company. New York. 427 p.
additional source	Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp.
additional source	Dyntaxa (2013) Swedish Taxonomic Database. Accessed at www.dyntaxa.se [15-01-2013].
additional source	Linkletter, L.E. 1977. A checklist of marine fauna and flora of the Bay of Fundy. Huntsman Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, N.B. 68 p.
additional source	Squires, H.J. 1990. Decapod Crustacea of the Atlantic coast of Canada. Canadian Bulletin of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 221. 532 p.
additional source	Vanner, M. 2003. The encyclopedia of North American birds. Paragon Publishing. Bath. 383 p.
additional source	Gallardo, J. C., V. Macías, and E. Velarde. 2009. Birds (Vertebrata: Aves) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1321–1342 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
additional source	ITIS database
additional source	Cattrijsse, A.; Vincx, M. (2001). Biodiversity of the benthos and the avifauna of the Belgian coastal waters: summary of data collected between 1970 and 1998. Sustainable Management of the North Sea. Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs: Brussel, Belgium. 48 pp.

Genbank

Taxonomy

WoRMS

External Links

Marine Life Information Network - UK
Barcode of Life (11 barcodes)
Biodiversity Heritage Library (66 publications)
GenBank (16 nucleotides; 15 proteins)
GBIF
GBIF

Citation

Adriaens, P. (2014). Melanitta nigra (Linnaeus, 1758). In: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2014) European Register of Marine Species, accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:137073

Drs Cees Roselaar. Melanitta nigra (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: Fauna Europaea at http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=96534